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Jackson Iowa Department of Cultural Affairs David J. Lyons Iowa Department of Economic Development Frederick M. Stilwell Iowa Department of Education Larry Wilson Iowa DeparttCredits We are grateful to the many people, inside and outside of government, who gave generously of their time and experience as they attended meetings, answered questions, provided information, ideas, and photographs, and reviewed drafts to help develoooment of Natural Resources Darrel Rensink Iowa Department of Transportation Ellen M. Gordon Iowa Emergency Management Division alicSlimbach BookItalicSlimbach MediumSlimbach MediumItalicSymbolTekton Tekton BoldTekton Bold W   versity, Departments of Landscape Architecture and Agronomy Julia Badenhope, Iowa State University Department of Landscape Architecture Ann Robinson, Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship With assistEndorsed by:^Ш€ffffff33ff33џџ33ЬЬ33™™33ff333333џџЬЬ™™ff33ююннЛЛЊЊˆˆwwUUDD""ююннЛЛЊЊˆˆwwp the Iowa Wetlands and Riparian Areas Conservation Plan. For a more complete list of those involved, please see Appendix E. Preparation and distribution of this book was funded through a State Wetlands Protection Development grant made by U.S. EPA Region VII. Project Administrator: James B. Gulliford, Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship - Division of Soil Conservation Project Coordinator: Ann Robinson, Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship - Division of Soil Conser b  Y L  M   $     Їe and Agronomy Julia Badenhope, Iowa State University Department of Landscape e University Department of Landsc TrъwЮz|ж‚„к†ˆŠў‹Œэg/H Њ у О э л ЋЄ 79B;>8 q: Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship (IDALS). 1998. Iowa Wetlands and Riparian Areas Conservation Plan. Division of Soil Conservation, Des Moines. partment of Agriculture and Land Stewardship and Iowa State Uniy Julia Badenhope, Iowџ0$€$€$€$€ @$d<ШQџџџ$€$€$€$€ ‚Ž Љ В “ œ R Е_2x222Dџ@33џџЅLH ЫІ€џ    JQ`Дˆ€ %џџЛ€QЄba “ œ R Е   *C)QЄДˆ€ %Governorеs letterx €PdTаШTбhP_Ж`PўŒ_Й №_Лр_И€HHPїФ_Йа0_Лрџџ_И€_ЙаЋ 0)И_ЙаЋ ,VиPћаQќQ_Ж`АЫ1БфBЗ”€ %є+ф€Q”‡…Бžx/”€ %шЄ2“222ШPќlџџџ$€$€$€$€ m ‘ Чѓ€TАlˆ€Џ€ %2 Iowa Wetlands and Riparian Areas Conservation PlanPlanNКѕМ0,N^NuNVAю)H n ZBgHxHlNКѕ”0,N^NuNVAю)H )n >9n^BgHxHlNКѕf0,N^NuNVAю)H n \BgHxHlNКѕ>0,N^NuNVAю)H 9n ^BgHxHlNКѕ0,N^NuNVAю)H n [BgG—э˜hiZ G ˆП$€$€ .‘Е Ч'%PџьH€i€˜€€ %Iowa Wetlands and Riparian Areas Conservation Plan 3 3@Ÿ№@РРџ€џџ †Zэ0а[оpџџˆvрZч0ŒЁрџџ Œљ,њ@рџџ рџџ Wрџџ Прџџ Žрџџ uр Брџџ‘|џџ дё№‚ eDш јV,њhрž d 51 Photos from Iowaеs landform regions 65-68 and education Abandoned mine land reclaimed with wetlands Monitoring and education go hand-in-hand on and education Abandoned mine land reclaimed with wetlands Monitoring and education go hand-in-hand Iowa, their functions and values, and existing programs and policies that relate to them. As a planning tool, this document identifies issues, needs, and goals, along with strategies and priorities. It seeks common ground, rather than total consensus, and provides a vision for progress in conserving and restoring wetlands and riparian areas. $`'0* 2p5@8 CPF I Q`T0W _pb@e $`'0* 2p5@8 CPF I Q`T0W _pb@e mH GR(&HR(& Mission Statement iss Ann Robinson men nn Normal Ann Robinson men Microsoft Word 8.0 ?$h IDkm ‘ m ‘ ЭAЬTь‰Ѕ@—џџ›аQDЂГ8€Guiding PrincipleslЋр0гєЮџџšcш_c _l0Q ePHH_c _lQeP_lP№eP_l0Pр_c _lPаeP_lPРePџ№Эџ№Ю€+_c ,m—m—n˜n˜qюЩюЮsЩsqџd_c _l`PpeP_lP`ePЙfmыnoўp~џœџstuўv џyž{Ÿ}е~ ^ b Е 9   o Ў x R f % ч{ R  } гР]ЁThe Iowa Wetlands and Riparian Areas Conservation Plan is based on the following principles: 1. Wetlands and riparian areas are integral parts of watersheds that function within landscapes. Wetlands and riparian areas are part of hy areas are part of hydrological, ecological and cultural systems that function within watersheds. Taking a landscape approach emphasizes the functional and geographic context of wetlands and riparian areas. This establishes a basis for policies and practices that incorporate concepts of sustainability, cumulative impacts, вsystemsг rather than single resources, and the role of people in landscape ecosystems. 2. Wetlands and riparian areas are important to society. Wetlands and riparian areas provide functions that people value. These include helping to maintain and improve water quality, and helping stabilize water quantity. Wetlands reduce flood impacts, sustain biodiversity of plants and animals, and offer recreational opportunities and aesthetic enjoyment. Iowansе qu HXB 'B %   =-S.$T?A763' 0;Q $OLA*/7,™Table of Contents Mission Statement iv Guiding Principles v Chapter 1: Introduction 1 Chapter 2: Wetlands and Riparian Areas: Definitions 5 Chapter 3: Iowaеs Wetlands and Riparian Area Resources 9 Chapter 4: Functions and Values ofunctions and Values ofunction, is a short-term goal. In the longer term, the goal is to achieve a net gain of wetland acreage and function. Increased knowledge of the functions of wetlands and riparian areas is bringing a deeper respect for their values, and a growing commitment to their conservation. This changing orientation is reflected in the national policy goal of no-net-loss, which recognizes the need to stabilize and eventually increase the inventory of wetlands, while still acknowledging the practical reality that some losses are inevitable and regulatory flexibility is needed. Although the national goal has not been directly applied to riparian areas, in Iowa there is also a need to improve and/or restore the quality and quantity of riparian areas. 5. Communicatiooon, information, and education are key to every aspect of the Plan. This includes seeking out and developing high quality scientific data that is as state- or region-specific as possible, and applying it to management of Iowa's wetlands and riparian areas. Wetlands and Riparian Areas 19 Chapter 5: Planning Process and Advisory Group Concerns 37 Chapter 6: Strategic Focus: Issues, Goals, and Strategies 41 Chapter 7: Moving Forward а Implementing Iowaеs Plan Chapter 7: Moving Forward а Implementing the Plan Iowa Wetlands and Riparian Areas Conservation PlanPlan` џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџty rights, as well as the need for funding and technical assistance to land owners and land managers, who represent diverse points of view and a variety of motivations for involvement in wetland and riparian area conservation. It recognizes that the publi53 Appendices Appendix A: Regional Patterns of Iowaеs Wetlands and Riparian Areas 63 Appendix B: Major Policies and Programs Affecting Iowaеs Wetlands and Riparian Areas 69 Appendix C: Resources for Education and Information about Iowaеs Wetlands and Rorder to make the best use of existing programs. Individuals and organizations share common interests in wetlands and riparian areas, yet the issues are complex and touch a variety of economic, environmental, and social concerns. Working together is neceiparian Areas 77 Appendix D: Media Coverage Analysis 87 Appendix E: Participants in Development of the Iowa Wetlands and Riparian Areas Conservation Plan 89 Appendix F: Glossary 91 Appendix G: List of Acronyms 95lossary 91 Appendix G: List of Acronyms 95. A rational process describes current conditions and needs, anticipates future needs, and develops strategies to meet those needs. Input from diverse groups and individuals is an important part of this process.&:&А+'+)++('ality of life is affected by the quality and quantity of wetlands and riparian areas. 3. Wetlands and riparian areas are often interconnected; therefore, riparian areas are included in this Plan. Not all state wetland plans explicitly address riparian Appendix H: References 97 Sidebars Historic Influences on Iowaеs Wetlands and Riparian Areas 17 Wetland Mitigation and Mitigation Banking 34 Cebars Historic Influences on Iowaеs Wetlands and Riparian Areas 17 Wetland Mitigation and Mitigation Banking 3 CUW`Дˆ€ %œBŽ€T&„АЫ1БфBЗ”€iQаQQ_™ Q<џџџџџџџџKИ/_ž€рdvр_œ@HHQш_žА0_Ÿ џџ_œ@_žАЋ ,idџџџџџџџџ_žАЋ ,iрІeGвю€_™ _žА dvр_žАurrent Coordination Efforts in Iowa that Relate to Wetlands and Riparian Areas 55 Figures and Tables Figure 2-1 Cross-section of a riparian area 7 Figure 3-1 Iowa landform regions 10 Figure 3-2 Generalized cross-section of typical Iowa wetlands and ripariIowa Wetlands and Riparian Areas Conservation PlanPlan^Њ№^Ќа^ЉpHHT ^ЊР0^Ќаџџ^Љp^ЊРЋ ,Y№^ЊРЋ ,]Ѕ^І an areas 12 Figure 3-3 Wetlands and deepwater habitats in Iowa, by type 14 Figure 3-4 Wetlands and deepwater habitats in Iowa, all types 15 Figure 4-1 Wetland hydrology and groundwater levels 21 Figure 4-2 Hydrologic pwater levels 2 Figure 4-2 Hydrologic p•лкPјм[‰[Ѕ@|€U^lHˆbІ€ %rocesses affecting wetlands 22 Figure 4-3 Hydrology and vegetation of wetlands 29 Figure A-1 Major watersheds of Iowa 63 Table 3-1 Wetland types and acreages in Iowa 13 Table 4-1 Wetland functions 20 Table 4-2 Iowansе perceptions of environmental problemsЂ`JaU^Ш[‰[Ѕ@џџБ•€PќHHˆbІ€ % 26 Table 4-3 Iowa species endangered, threatened, and of special concern associated with wetlands or riparian areas 28 Table 4-4 Relative importance of landownersе reasons for restoring wetlands 30 Table A-1 Iowaеs wetlands: Types of wetland habitats by›щшUVа‰Ѕ@џџчUZьˆІ€ landform region 64 Table A-2 Iowa wetlands and riparian areas by landform region 65 Photos and Illustrations Wetlands offer recreation opportunities 2 Wetland loss concerned conservation pioneer 16 Farmers and others work together to restore wetlands 3 3 Iowaеs rare fens home to over 200 plants 32 Wetlands research answers water quality questions 25 Wetland controversy encourages coordination, strategic planning 46 Wetlands provide unique habitats to rare and threatened species 27 Cultural resources often found near wetlands, waterways 31 Wetland nature center fosters education, brings visitors 42 Restored wetlands help protect lakes, tourism 44 Farmer chooses methods вconducive to wildlifeг 38 Restoring flood-prone lands creates scenic byway 49 Buffers help protect water quality 24 Community plan turns flood liability into greenway asset 54 Utility creates area for well head protection and education 58 Abandoned mine land reclaimed with wetlands 33 Monitoring and education go hand-in-hantion go hand-in-han2’222># ;+Q -"R=>541%.9Q"MJ?  +-6* .€Qˆ‡…Бžx/”€ %оџџФШQ шMission Statement`гх0d‡а3Њ`Ъ `pЄ™š џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџЃџA33џџ‰MH ЫІ€џIowa Wetlands and Riparian Areas Conservation Plan Э]А` Pdы€ Z*sЯ ]Џ№]Б@ 0dы€[+[Юr+]А0]Б` dы€џ§]А0“ ѓ33ЊцfšIowa Wetlands and Riparian Areas Conservation PlanPlan` џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ2–222rvation Plan Э]А` Pdы€ Z*sЯ ]Џ№]Б@ 0dы€[+[Юr+]А0]Б` dы€џ§]А0“ ѓ33Њцfiv–ѕ№“aCРў“ў”џ”џѕѕџџ”ѕџѕџџ,kŒaaPac№“ў“aCРџ”џѕѕa`рVаd‡ам.ѕ.a`рџˆ“ѕџ–“”џ—”ѕџЌ“ѕџК“”џЛ”ѕџа“ѕџо“”џп”ѕџє“ѕџ“”џ”ѕџ“ѕџ&“”Iowa Wetlands and Riparian Areas Conservation PlanPlan` џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџ џџџџThe purpose of the Iowa Wetlands and Riparian Areas Conservation Plan is to provide a common framework for activities and programs of agencies, organizations, and individuals throughout Iowa who have diverse interests in wetlands and rippp wetlands and riparian areas. It encourages the use of a partnership approach to maximize the benefits of wetlands and riparian areas, and to minimize land use conflicts. As an educational tool, this document provides basic information about wetlands and riparian areas in5CC;<124&<?/,*with wetlands Monitoring and education go hand-in-hand on and education Abandoned mine land reclaimed with wetlands Monitoring and education go hand-in-hanm Riggs, Iowa State University Extension Community Development Specialist Consulting Editor: Teresa Opheim Designer: Leanne Paetz, Pederson Paetz Design Printer: XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX This Plan should be cited asX This Plan should be cited asvTбшPї„Ta]`QTџџџџџџџџad aeРR`d‡аac€HHTЮ$ae№0afрџџac€ae№Ћ ,Oдџџџџџџџџae№Ћ 0'ьac€R0a`рae№Q d‡аae№areas, which include stream banks and adjacent floodplain areas. Riparian areas are included in this Plan because of their frequent hydrological, ecological, and cultural connections with wetlands. 4. No-net-loss of wetlands, as defined by acreage and ff resource decisions on good information. Education, training, and demonstration programs are vital elements in this process, as are inventory and monitoring programs. 6. Voluntary efforts are emphasized. This recognizes the importance of private properrc must share the cost of conservation with those who are providing societal benefits. There is a role for regulation, but this Plan does not advocate for additional laws or rules. 7. Partnerships, cooperation, and coordination are vitally important in ssary to achieve success and to make efficient use of resources. Local involvement and intergovernmental cooperation are critical. 8. Effective planning and implementation of wetland and riparian area conservation depends on a rational planning process However, information alone is not sufficient а it must get used, and communication among stakeholders is crucial if land owners, land managers, local officials, agency staff, scientists, and even the general public are to become informed and base naturalbГ 9 oџ ЎwRd %х {R }вЮџџЌJQ(ь1Ѓ iiџпџџџџџџџџ_­џџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџћџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџўџџџџџџџџџњџџџџџџџўџџџџџџџџџџџџџџпяџџџџџџџОџџџџџПџОџџџџџяџџџџџџяџПџяџџџџџџџџџџџџџўџџџџџџПџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџяџџџџџџџџџПџџџџџяџџџџџџџџџџџџџяџОџџџџџџџўїџпџџџџџџџїџџџџiiiaCРa\ [№d‡аQ ЬQ<Pa[Pў„џџџџџџџџa[ a\`№a_РaCРHHPўˆa\0a_РџџaCРa\Ћ ,kŒџџџџџџџџa\Ћ ,PЬaCРџџœўQ\ˆ1ЃІ€ %о пQЄЊ—‰ЄЊ—xƒ@пš~гQPXЅQBK'ffZQЈ€џЫ33џџяЧH ЫІ€Іџ@$d<ШPџ|џџџ$€$€$€$€ .ь ѕ m И`ЛPџДlєІ€ЇЎџџбЏQ8[‰[Ѕ@ BК€QLHˆbІ€ %Ј@$d<ШQœџџџ$€$€$€$€ .9 B m ”џџГ—Qlˆ:€ЉŠ$‹QД[‰[Ѕ@|џџ•d€QHˆbІ€ %Њ@$d<ШQ№џџџ$€$€$€$€ .[ m ‘ pѓPў€ˆ1ЃІЋ€ %dw9€Q Hˆ\І€ %Zџџш[QєЌ[‰[Ѕ@LYOQмlˆІ€|$d<ШQ $€$€$€­$€ $Ш<,Q№џ$€$€$€$€џџ .‘Е ЧЕ @џџЪ€Q8pLЮF€€СГ3€Ў ЬЭ4;aQ8Vš|€h€z€€ %(џџЌQ,ЏH€i€џ€€ %$€џІQP@œ@e@1Р€ %АџџŽ€$b>v€€џLџџџQt*3*С@јoЙQ <ДьБ& € %|$d<ШQˆџ$€$€$€$€џџ $Ш<,Qlџ$€$€$€$€ .[ mВ ‘ .[ m ‘ юџџряPџL[‰[Ѕ@рQЇQplГ8€w€ГдџџТзQ(ь1Ѓ € %Ш3ЋQАДlь €|$d<ШQPџ$€$€$€$€џџ $Ш<,QTџ$€$€$€$€џџ <[Е[ m ‘ .[ m ‘ МџџЄя€Q<Hˆ\І€ %ЖВГQ[‰[Ѕ@Єџџ†ќ‚QlˆL€˜џџїЗQxˆ1ЃІ€ %ŒhQрь1Ѓ € %И€џџй €QHь\ € %vJwQє[э[ @hџџЛjQЙlьА€SА|$d<ШQ№џ$€$€$€$€џџ $Ш<,Q џ$€$€$€$€џџ .[ Кm ‘ .[ m ‘  \,аPџ lˆ„€Ї€ %ЛPџџжQЌˆ1ЃІ€ %D$€QHˆ\І€ %М:;%ь[‰[Ѕ@,џџ№JQˆ€І€ НaЗQPHьW€ € %џџвžQь1Ѓ € %ОCa€Q`lь€ € %ўџџГџQ$[э[ @№$ŸПPџРь €@$d<ШQ  џ$€$€$€$€ .[ m ‘ РžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžxPўРџџџ?<